Student’s Assessment Number. …………. THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL OF TANZANIA FORM TWO NATIONAL ASSESSMENT 012 HISTORY Time: 2:30 HOURS Year: 2020 Instructions 1. This paper consists of sections A, B and C with a total of ten (10) questions. 2. Answer all questions in sections A and B and two (2) questions from section C. 3. Section A carries forty (40) marks and sections B and C carry thirty (30) marks each. 4. All writing must be in blue or black ink. 5. All answers must be written in the spaces provided. 6. Cellular phones and any unauthorized materials are not allowed in the examination room. 7. Write your Assessment Number at the top right hand corner of every page. FOR ASSESSOR’S USE ONLY QUESTION NUMBER SCORE ASSESSOR’S INITIALS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 TOTAL CHECKER’S INITIALS

Student’s Assessment Number ………………… SECTION A (40 MARKS) Answer all questions in this section. 1. For each of the items (i) - (x), choose the correct answer from the given alternatives and write its letter in the box provided. (i) In East Africa, the major means of production under feudalism were A capital and slaves. B slaves and trade. C land and livestock. D trade and agriculture. (ii) The famous explorer and missionary who travelled in East and Central Africa was called A Mungo Park. B Carl Peters. C David Livingstone. D Henry Stanley. (iii) What were the important salt making centres in pre-colonial Africa? A Taghaza and Uvinza. B Axum and Meroe. C Engaruka and Uvinza. D Nok and Taghaza. (iv) The feudal relation which revolved around cattle ownership was A Umwinyi. B Mtemi. C Ubugabire. D Nyarubanja. (v) Which trade items were brought by Arab traders from East Africa during pre-colonial times? A Porcelain bowls, guns and rhinoceros horns. B Cotton cloths, ivory and tortoise shells. C Cotton cloths, gold and porcelain bowls. D Gold, ivory and tortoise shells. (vi) What was the effect of the Ngoni migration to Central and East Africa? A Rise of legitimate trade. B Decline of coastal city states. C Development of capitalism. D Introduction of new military techniques. (vii) What determines varieties of productive activities which man performs? A Productive forces and family labour. B Nature of environment and productive forces. C Man’s experience and technical skills. D Good weapons and leadership skills. (viii) One of the important change in the evolution of man was A Walking with all four limbs. B Development of the brain. C Walking with fore limbs. D Gathering and hunting.

Student’s Assessment Number ………………… (ix) Which societies resisted the Portuguese in East Africa? A Galla, Segeju and Zimba B Galla, Makonde and Yao. C Zimba, Nyamwezi and Ngoni. D Segeju, Zimba and Kamba (x) Which ways were used to obtain slaves in East Africa during slave trade? A Raiding, capturing and selling domestic slaves. B Raiding, stealing and trekking from South Africa. C Capturing, use of trickery and age set system. D False pretence, crying and stealing Arab guns.

Student’s Assessment Number ………………… 2. Match the historical explanations of places in List A with the correct historical names in List B by writing the letter of the correct response below the corresponding item number in the table provided. List A List B (i) One of the earliest areas for iron working in Africa. A Zanj (ii) The headquarters of Oman Sultanate before 1840. B Katanga (iii) A town in Central Tanzania whose chief was Mirambo. C Bagamoyo (iv) A famous place for spring salt making in pre-colonial Tanganyika. D E Ujiji Mombasa (v) A place where Dr. Louis Leakey discovered the skull of Zinjanthropus in 1959. (vi) One of the biggest slave markets and entre-port to Zanzibar in Mainland Tanzania. F G H Gao Cape Town Uvinza (vii) A town in West Africa that grew as a result of the Trans-Saharan Trade. I J Sofala Muscat (viii) An East African town where the Portuguese built Fort Jesus. K Tabora (ix) An important area for copper production in Central Africa during the pre-colonial period. (x) The capital of the ancient Ghana Kingdom. L M N Azania Olduvai Gorge Meroe O Kumbi Saleh Answers List A (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) (vii) (viii) (ix) (x) List B

Student’s Assessment Number ………………… 3. Write TRUE if the statement is correct or FALSE if the statement is not correct in the space provided. (i) The use of fire since the Middle Stone Age to the current generation has always been the production of solar energy and roasting meat ………………………… (ii) Capitalists used companies and Associations to facilitate colonial rule in Africa ………………………… (iii) The Periplus of Erythrean Sea which was written by Greek traders shows that there was early contacts between East Africa and Middle East after the 19 th century………………………… (iv) One of the tactics used to end slave trade in East Africa was signing of treaties between the British representatives and Arabs rulers in Zanzibar ………………………… (v) Written texts are more accurate than oral traditions ………………………… (vi) Bi-pedalism refers to the evolutionary stage in which man started walking with four limbs ………………………… (vii) The major interest of industrial capitalism in Africa was slave trade ………………………… (viii) Agricultural activities led to increased availability of food during the Old Stone Age ………………………… (ix) Mixed farming involved the seasonal rotation of crops on the same piece of land ………………………… (x) Tipp Tip was a famous trader who encouraged the Trans Saharan Trade ………………………… 4. Briefly explain the following terms: (i) Black smiths ……………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………….... …………………………………………………………………………………………….... …………………………………………………………………………………………….... …………………………………………………………………………………………….... …………………………………………………………………………………………….... …………………………………………………………………………………………….... ……………………………………………………………………………………………....

Student’s Assessment Number ………………… (b) Nomadic pastoralism ...……………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………….... …………………………………………………………………………………………….... …………………………………………………………………………………………….... …………………………………………………………………………………………….... …………………………………………………………………………………………….... …………………………………………………………………………………………….... …………………………………………………………………………………………….... (iii) Agents of Industrial capitalism …………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………….... …………………………………………………………………………………………….... …………………………………………………………………………………………….... …………………………………………………………………………………………….... …………………………………………………………………………………………….... …………………………………………………………………………………………….... …………………………………………………………………………………………….... (iv) The San …………..……………………………………………………………………….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………….... …………………………………………………………………………………………….... …………………………………………………………………………………………….... …………………………………………………………………………………………….... …………………………………………………………………………………………….... …………………………………………………………………………………………….... …………………………………………………………………………………………….... (v) Triangular Slave Trade ….………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………….... …………………………………………………………………………………………….... …………………………………………………………………………………………….... …………………………………………………………………………………………….... …………………………………………………………………………………………….... …………………………………………………………………………………………….... ……………………………………………………………………………………………....

Student’s Assessment Number ………………… SECTION B (30 Marks) Answer all questions in this section. 5. Arrange the following sentences in chronological order by writing their roman numbers in the table provided. (i) The Portuguese merchants distrubed the gold trade in the early 16 th century. (ii) Now gold was exported to Portugal and other Western countries. (iii) The deviation of trade brought conflicts between Arab traders and Portuguese merchants. (iv) As a result, Arab traders with the assistance from Oman Sultanate expelled Portuguese merchants from East Africa coast in the end of 17 th century. (v) Mwanamutapa empire was the main supplier of gold to Arab traders based at Sofala. Answers 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th 5 th 6. Complete each of the following statements with correct historical facts. (i) Collective ownership of the major means of production is one of the characteristics of ………………………… (ii) A building in which objects of artistic, cultural, historical or scientific interest are kept and shown to the public is called ………………………… (iii) Triangular trade was also known as ………………………… (iv) A duration of one hundred years is called ………………………… (v) The title of a chief among the Hehe was called …………………………

Student’s Assessment Number ………………… 7. Study this sketch map and answer the questions which follow. (i) What is the name of the historical site marked by letter A? ………………………… (ii) The historical site marked by letter B is called ………………………… (iii) In which century was a skull of Zinjanthropus discovered at a place marked by letter D? ………………………… (iv) Which discovery made the historical site marked by letter C to be famous? ………………………… (v) The historical site marked by letter E is called …………………………

Student’s Assessment Number ………………… SECTION C (30 Marks) Answer two (2) questions from this section. 8. Explain six effects of the Dutch settlement at the Cape. 9. How was the East African societies affected by slave trade? (Give six points). 10. Explain six limitations of using oral traditions as a source of historical information.