THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND VOCATIONAL TRAINING FORM TWO SECONDARY EDUCATION EXAMINATION, 2010 0012 HISTORY Time: 2½ HOURS INSTRUCTIONS 1. This paper consists of sections A, B and C. 2. Answer ALL questions in sections A and B and only TWO in section C. 3. ALL writing must be in black or blue ink. 4. ALL answers must be written in the spaces provided. 5. Write your examination number at the top right hand corner of every page. 6. Cellphones are not allowed in the examination room. FOR EXAMINER'S USE ONLY QUESTION NUMBER SCORE INITIALS OF EXAMINER 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 TOTAL This paper consists of 8 printed pages.

Candidate's Examination No ………………… SECTION A (30 MARKS) 1. For each of the following items choose the best answer from the given alternatives and write its letter in the box provided. (i) One of the shortcomings of oral tradition as a source of historical information is that, it is: A. difficult to prove the fact and imaginary information B. given through the word of mouth C. given by elders D. handed from one generation to another. (ii) The transition from Mercantilism to Industrial Capitalism led to: A. areas for investment and manufactured goods B. the demand for slaves C. the demand for raw materials, markets and areas for investment D. The use of navigable rivers. (iii) The study of the remains of past materials through scientific analysis is called: A. Archaeology B. Archives C. Historical sites D. Museums. (iv) Examples of mixed farming societies in pre-colonial Africa were: A. Hehe, Digo, Maasai and Matumbi B. Karamajong, Pokot, Fipa and Hadzabe C. Nyamwezi, Nyakyusa, Ndorobo and Chagga D. Sukuma, Sangu, Kurya and Fipa (v) Which of the following is the cause of the Ngoni Migration? A. Abolition of slave trade B. Population increase C. Rise of Trans Saharan Trade D. The need to search new areas. (vi) Dates can be determined by looking at the: A. grammar, sayings and literature of some languages B. grammar, sayings, myth and songs of some peoples C. vocabulary, proverbs and normative of some past events D. Vocabulary, sayings and literature of some languages. (vii) In which stage of evolution of man were agriculture and domestication of animals practiced? A. Early Stone Age B. Iron Age C. Later or new Stone Age D. Middle Stone Age.

Candidate's Examination No ………………… (viii) The three main economic activities in pre-colonial African societies were: A. agriculture, handicrafts and trade B. carpentry, pottery and salt making C. industries, gathering and fishing D. lumbering, harvesting and salt making (ix) The following are the function of Moran EXCEPT to: A. control religion and to solve problems B. defend and expand their society C. protect the whole society D. travel with their herds for searching pastures and water. (x) The social factors for interactions among people of Africa were: A. migration, intermarriage and areas for investments B. language, migration and population increase C. trade, war and migration D. trade, intermarriage, language and population increase.

Candidate's Examination No ………………… 2. (a) Match the items in List A with those in List B by writing the correct letter below the corresponding question number in the table provided. LIST A LIST B (i) Agents of Industrial Capitalism. (ii) Centralized feudal state in the inter-lacustrine region. (iii) Exchange of goods between Western Sudan and North African societies. (iv) Fante, Akwan, Ife, Yoruba, Buganda, Bunyoro, Chagga, Pare and Haya. (v) Organiser of people to open up new lands wherever it was available. (vi) Pokot, Karamajong, Nandi, Shona and Ndebele. (vii) Tenants and serfs. (viii) The discovery of fire: (ix) True man of today. (x) Use of scientific knowledge to design and make tools of production. A. Africa B. Buganda C. Bunyoro D. Early Iron Age E. Education F. Explorers G. Feudalism H. Homo habilis I. Homo sapiens J. Middle Stone Age K. Moran L. Ntemi M. Pastoralists N. Permanent crop cultivation in Africa O. Technology P. Trans-Atlantic Trade Q. Trans-Saharan Trade ANSWERS LIST A (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) (vii) (viii) (ix) (x) LIST B (b) The following sentences are mixed up. Arrange them in chronological order from the first to the last by writing the roman number of each statement in the table provided. (i) The movement was almost impossible so the caravan season was suitable mainly during dry seasons and at the end of heavy rains. (ii) They collected commodities from the interior and walked a long distance with their slaves carrying ivory and other commodities to the coast. (iii) The traders penetrated in the interior of East Africa to find ivory and slaves. (iv) When the rainy season began the rivers were full and the soft pieces of land were changed into mud. (v) Following changes of seasons and the period of walking long distances, the traders had to settle down somewhere up country. Answers 1 st 2 nd 3 rd 4 th 5 th

Candidate's Examination No ………………… SECTION B (40 MARKS) 3. (a) The years and the important historical events that took place in East Africa are shown in The table below. Write the letter of the year against the corresponding event, in the table provided. EVENTS YEAR (i) Fall of Fort Jesus A. 5000BC (ii) Mombasa city was established on independent sheikhdom B. 200BC (iii) Singing of Hamerton Treaty C. 1492 (iv) The start of contact between Africa, Middle East and Far East D. 1498 (v) Vasco Da Gama reached the coast of East Africa E. 1698 F. 1741 G 1845 H. 1847. Answers EVENTS (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) YEAR (b) Write the missing historical facts. (i) There are two theories of the origin of man which are and . (ii) A decade is a period of years. (iii) is the first mode of production in which major means of production are owned and shared by all members of the community. (iv) was the movement of Boers from the cape northwards in search of new land. (v) A place in which the remains of human beings who lived in the past can be found is called . 4. (a) The following statements are either correct or not correct. Write TRUE if the statement is correct or FALSE if the statement is not correct. (i) Civil war was one among the causes of Ngoni Migration. (ii) Neolithic revolution is the period when man started to live sedentary life.

Candidate's Examination No ………………… (iii) During the period of Early Stone Age people had permanent shelters. (iv) In Age-Set system the division of labour was based on age and colour. (v) One of the social effects of contact between Africa and Portuguese was the loss of manpower. (vi) Museums are places for tourists and study tour. (vii) Olduvai Gorge is a historical site in Kondoa. (viii) One responsibility of Ntemi was to collect tributes from his subjects. (ix) One of the economic effects of slave trade was loss of security. (x) Tropical diseases was one of the reasons for the fall of Portuguese rule in East Africa. SECTION C (30 MARKS) Answer any TWO questions from this section. 5. Give one difference between the following historical terms: (i) Local and long distance trade (ii) Patrilineal and matrilineal societies (iii) Ubugabire and Umwinyi. 6. Write an essay about Portuguese invasion along the coastal area of East Africa. In your essay use the following guidelines: (i) Background of Portuguese rule (ii) Reasons for Portuguese invasion (iii) Positive and negative impacts 7. Briefly explain how the slaves were obtained.