Candidate’s Examination No. ………………... THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND VOCATIONAL TRAINING FORM TWO SECONDARY EDUCATION EXAMINATION, 2011 0031 GEOGRAPHY TIME: 2½ HOURS INSTRUCTIONS 1. This paper consists of sections A and B. 2. Answer ALL questions in section A and any TWO questions from section B. 3. Write your examination number at the top right corner of every page. 4. ALL writing must be in blue or black ink EXCEPT drawings which must be in pencil. 5. ALL answers must be in the spaces provided. 6. Cellphones and calculators are not allowed in the examination room. FOR EXAMINER’S USE ONLY QUESTION NUMBER SCORE INITIALS OF EXAMINER 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 TOTAL This paper consists of 7 printed pages.

Candidate’s Examination No. ………………... SECTION A (70 MARKS) 1. For each of the following items choose the correct answer from the given alternatives and write its letter in the box provided. (i) The needle of a compass points to the: A. Grid North B. Magnetic field C. North pole D. Pole star. (ii) The height above sea level is called: A. altitude B. contours C. latitude D. ocean. (iii) If the local time at place A (30° N, 35° E) is 8.00 a.m, what will be the local time at place B (27° N, 12° E)? A. 6.28 a.m. B. 6.28 p.m. C. 9.32 a.m. D. 9.32 p.m. (iv) Block mountains are formed through: A. earthquakes B. faulting C. folding D. vulcanicity. (v) An area where a river system collects its rainwater is called: A. catchment area B. lake C. tributary D. watershed. (vi) Pangani town at the sea level has a temperature of 32°C, what is the temperature of Ruaha 1500 metres above sea level? A. 0.6°C B. 9°C C. 21°C D. 23°C (vii) The grid reference of station Q is 888666, what are the numbers of the Eastings and the Northings? A. 666 are Northings and 888 are Eastings B. 868 are Eastings and 668 are Northings C. 886 are Eastings and 668 are Northings D. 888 are Northings and 666 are Eastings.

Candidate’s Examination No. ………………... (viii) What causes the difference between the length of day and night? A. Longitude B. Revolution of the earth C. Rotation of the earth D. The earth’s orbit. (ix) If given different kinds of R.F. scales, the smallest scale has the: A. biggest denominator B. biggest numerator C. smallest denominator D. smallest numerator. (x) A ship moves to the West and crosses the International Date Line (IDL). What happens with regards to time gained or lost? A. No time is gained or lost B. One whole day is gained C. One whole day is lost D. One whole day is repeated. 2. Match the items in column A with those in column B by writing the letter of the correct answer below its corresponding item number in column A in the table provided. LIST A LIST B (i) A negative effect caused by tourism in countries like Tanzania (ii) The science dealing with crop production and livestock rearing (iii) Forest conservation (iv) Formed when large masses of air with different physical properties meet (v) It is used for cooking, heating and producing electricity (vi) It occurs when the earth becomes far from the sun (vii) Maximum and minimum temperature (viii) The lines joining places with the same pressure (ix) The raised part of the ocean floor (x) Weather station instruments shelter. A. Aforestation B. Agriculture C. Aphelion D. Cooking oil E. Cyclonic rain F. Deforestation G. Destruction of culture H. Isobars I. Natural gas J. Ocean deep K. Perihelion L. Relief rain M. Ridge N. Six’s Thermometer O. Stevenson Screen ANSWERS LIST A (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) (vii) (viii) (ix) (x) LIST B

Candidate’s Examination No. ………………... 3. The following statements are either correct or not correct. Write TRUE if the statement is correct or FALSE if the statement is not correct. (i) Equinoxes means equal day and night hours at all latitudes. (ii) Good railways and road networks stimulate economic development. (iii) Industrial activities have no negative impact on environment. (iv) It is possible to tap underground water in desert and semi-desert areas. (v) Lake Victoria is within the rift valley. (vi) Planets give out light. (vii) Tanzanite is among the minerals mined in Uganda. (viii) Trenches and ocean deeps are the same relief features of the river basin. (ix) Two opposing longitudes can make a great circle. (x) Use of the solar energy minimizes environmental degradation. 4. (a) Study the diagram below carefully then label features A - F. A stands for B stands for C stands for D stands for E stands for F stands for

Candidate’s Examination No. ………………... (b) Define the following geographical terms: (i) Geography (ii) International Date Line (IDL) (iii) Map (iv) Renewable resources (v) Tourism industry (vi) Transport (c) Identify four important things to be considered in the location of industries. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) 5. (a) Study carefully the climatic data given for station Y, then answer the questions that follow: Month J F M A M J J A S O N D Temperature (°C) 25.5 25.8 26 26 27.3 26.5 26.5 26.1 26.8 26.8 26 25.2 Rainfall (mm) 246 186 185 190 184 176 174 197 185 206 261 266 (i) Calculate the mean annual temperature. (ii) Calculate the annual total rainfall. (iii) State the annual range of temperature. (iv) Suggest the type of climate for the station. (v) The economic activities taking place in the station are and .

Candidate’s Examination No. ………………... (b) Explain the following terms as used in Geography: (i) Eco-tourism (ii) Extensive farming (iii) Geothermal energy (iv) Intensive farming (v) Underground water (c) A map may not be useful if it lacks the following: (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (d) Write down five requirements for the establishment of plantation agriculture. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) SECTION B (30 MARKS) Answer any TWO questions from this section. 6. Describe the advantages of natural gas from Songosongo to our economy. 7. Explain the factors affecting water supply in most of Tanzanian society. 8. Forests play a great role in human life. Do you agree? Why? 9. Suggest ways of improving tourism industry in Tanzania. 10. What are the problems facing timber industry in the Congo basin?