THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL CERTIFICATE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION EXAMINATION 024 LITERATURE IN ENGLISH (For Both School and Private Candidates) Time: 2:30 Hours th Thursday 13October 2011 p.m. _____________________________________________________________________________________ Instructions 1. This paper consists of sections A, B, C and D. 2. Answer two (2)questions from section A and one (1) question from each of sections B, C and D. 3. Each question carries 20 marks. 4. Cellular phones are notallowed in the examination room. 5. Write your Examination Numberon every page of your answer booklet(s). This paper consists of 5 printed pages

SECTION A (40 Marks) THEORIES OF LITERATURE Answer two (2) questions from this section. 1. (a)Briefly comment on what the following literary concepts are. (i) Short stories (ii) Figurative language (iii) Characterization (iv) Setting (b) What is oral literature? State any five characteristics of oral literature. 2. Using your own life experience, show how literature and language can not be separated. 3. Writing literature in local languages is the only way to make sure that it reaches every individual in the society. Use eight (8) points to argue for or against this statement. SECTION B (20 Marks) PLAYS Answer one (1)question from this section. TEXTS: The Lion and the Jewel - Wole Soyinka The Trials of Brother Jero - Wole Soyinka The Swamp Dwellers - Wole Soyinka Kinjeketile - Ibrahim Hussein Dilemma of a Ghost - Ama Ata Aidoo The Barbed Wire - M. Rugyendo Dedan Kimathi - Kenneth Watene 4. A playwright is different from other writers in that the play he/she writes serves both as an entertainment and an educating tool. Discuss this statement using one (1) play. 5. Use two main characters from two plays you have read, (one from each play) to discuss how writers used these characters to make their work a perfect piece of art. 6. Elaborate on any seven (7) central ideas of any one (1) play studied and show the play’s relevance to Tanzanian society.

SECTION C (20 Marks) NOVELS AND SHORT STORIES Answer one (1)question from this section. TEXTS: Tales of Amadou Koumba - David Diop Quartet - Richard Rive A Walk in the Night and Other Stories - Alex La Guma Houseboy - Ferdinand Oyono The Old man and The Medal - Ferdinand Oyono The Concubine - Elechi Amadi Sundiata: An Epic of Old Mali - Djibril Tamsir Niane Secret Lives - Ngugi Wa Thiong’o The Three Solid Stones - Martha Mvungi Girls at War - Chinua Achebe Uncle Tom’s Children - Richard Wright 7. Support the view that short stories are more effective in delivering their message to the readers than novels. 8. Using two characters from one novel/short story read, show how they were affected by the conflicts in their society. 9. “Literary writers portrayed the view of their society as it really is in their writings.” Use two books read to support this view. SECTION D (20 Marks) POETRY Answer one (1) question from this section. TEXT: Selected poems — Tanzania Institute of Education 10. In writing poems, poets teach and/or criticise the society. Use two poems to show that what the poets want their readers to learn from them. 11. Discuss the characteristics which make poetry different from other literary genres? 3

12. Read the following poem and then answer the questions that follow. Today I did my share In building the nation I drove a Permanent Secretary To an important urgent function In fact to a luncheon at the Vic The menu reflected its importance Cold Bell beer with small talk The fried chicken with nineties Wine to fill the hollowness of the laughs Ice-cream to cover the stereotype jokes Coffee to keep the PS aware on return journey. I drove the Permanent Secretary back. He yawned many times in back of the car Then to keep awake, he suddenly asked, Did you have any lunch friend? I replied looking straight ahead And secretly smiling at his belated concern That I had not, but was slimming! Upon which he said with seriousness That amused more than annoyed me, Mwananchi, I too had none! I attended to matters of state Highly delicate, diplomatic duties you know, And friend, it goes against my grain, Causes me stomach ulcers and wind. Ah, he continued, yawning again, The pains we suffer in building the nation! So that PS had ulcers too! My ulcers I think are equally painful Only they are caused by hunger, Not sumptuous lunches So two nation builders Arrived home this evening With terrible stomach pains The result of building the nation Different ways.

Questions (a) What three things can you learn from this poem? (b) Was the PS building the nation? Why? (c) Comment on the language used in the poem. (d) What do you learn about the persona? (e) Are there people like this persona in our society? Elaborate. (f) What type of poem is this? Why? (g) Relate the happenings in this poem to your society. 5