SECTION A (25 Marks) Answer a ll questions in this section. PHYSICAL AND MATHEMATICAL GEOGRAPHY 1. For each of the items (i) - (x), choose the correct answer from among the given alternatives and write its letter beside the item(s) number in the answer booklet(s) provided. (i) The luminous body which provides energy to the solar system is A Sun B Earth C Moon D Planet E Satellite. (ii) The earth’s layer which consists of sial and sima is called A lithosphere B hydrosphere C stratosphere D atmosphere E thermosphere. (iii) Which of the following is the process of wearing down the rock surface by wind where the load becomes cutting tools? A Deflation B Attrition C Abrasion D Corrasion E Hydration. (iv) The renewed power of erosion of a river is called. A river capture B river erosion C river rejuvenation D river meanders E river basin. (v) Prediction of the state of atmosphere in a region for 24 to 48 hours is known as A weather elements B weather report C weather instrument D weather station E weather forecasting (vi) The process through which rain water enters the ground is called A Evaporation B Infiltration C Transpiration D Condensation E Percolation. (vii) The process of changing granite to gneiss rock is known as A sedimentation B vulcanism C denudation D metamophism E exfoliation. (viii) Which of the following is another name for Savanna climate in Africa A Tropical maritime. B Warm temperature maritime. C Tropical grassland. D Warm temperature desert. E Cool temperate western margin. (ix) The process of peeling off and falling of rock mass is called A disintegration B weathering C mass wasting D erosion E exfoliation. (x) Which of the following are features of ocean floor? A Basin, Ocean deep and Cliff. B Trench, Continental shelf and Stump C Trench, Ridge and Ocean deep. D Ocean deep, Continental shelf and Drumlin. E Basin, Continental shelf and Tombolo.

2. Match the items in L ist A with the responses in List B by writing the letter of the corresponding response besides the item number in the answer booklet(s) provided. List A List B (i) Removal of loose materials from the rocks by the force of moving water. (ii) Fine and light particles moved by wind. (iii) Dissolved soluble minerals which are found in rocks by flowing river water. (iv) Tearing away of blocks of rocks which have become frozen into the sides or bottom of a glacier. (v) Swash carries pebbles and other rock fragments from the shore of the ocean. A B C D E F G H I Corrasion Plucking Hydraulic Siltation Deposition Attrition Exfoliation Abrasion Solution J Suspension 3. (a) Define the term soil. (b) Briefly explain four importance of soil to human life. (c) Mention three sources of soil nutrients. SECTION B (27 Marks) Answer a ll q uestions this section. APPLICATION OF STATISTICS, INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH AND ELEMENTARY SURVEYING 4. (a) Define compound bar graph. (b) Study carefully the table below on hypothetical data about cash crops production (in ‘000 tonnes) in East Africa in the year 2000, then answer the questions that follow. Find this and other free resources at: h ttp:maktaba.tetea.org Country Crops Coffee Tea Cotton Kenya 2200 2000 1800 Uganda 1700 700 800 Tanzania 1300 1900 2300 (i) Draw compound bar graphs to represent the data provided. (ii) Outline four merits of using compound bar graph. 5. (a) Describe the following research terms: (i) Population.

(ii) Random sampling. (iii) Literature review. (b) (i) Define secondary data. (ii) Give four merits of secondary data. 6. (a) Describe plane table survey. (b) Explain five importance of plane table survey. SECTION C (28 Marks) Answer a ll questions in this section. MAP READING AND PHOTOGRAPH INTERPRETATION 7. Carefully study the map extract of Arusha (Sheet 55/3) provided then answers the questions that follow. (a) Describe the relief of the mapped area. (b) Giving evidences, mention the major means of transport shown in a map. (c) Change the scale of the map into a statement scale. (d) Measure the length of the road from grid reference 378314 to grid reference 480276 in kilometres. (e) With evidence from the map, identify three social services which are found in this area. 8. Study carefully photograph provided then answer the questions that follows.

(a) Suggest the title of the photograph. (b) (i) Name the type of forest seen in the photograph. (ii) Give two characteristics of the forest named in (i). (c) Outline three ways of interpreting the photograph given. (d) (i) Identify the product in the middle ground of the photograph. (ii) Give two uses of the product in the middle ground of the photograph. SECTION D (20 Marks) Answer o ne (1) question from each part. PART 1: R EGIONAL FOCAL STUDIES 9. Explain seven ways of improving tourism industry in Tanzania. 10. Elaborate seven ways of managing industrial pollutants to the environment. PART II: E NVIRONMENTAL ISSUES, POPULATION AND SETTLEMENTS

11. Describe five uses of population data to a country. 12. Explain six problems associated with expansion of cities in Tanzania.