THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL CERTIFICATE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION EXAMINATION 013 GEOGRAPHY (For Both School and Private Candidates) Time: 3 Hours Wednesday, 02 nd November 2016 p.m. Instructions 1. This paper consists of sections A, B, C and D. 2. Answer all questions in sections A, B and C and one (1) question from each part of section D. 3. Map extract of Hanang (Sheet 84/4) is provided. 4. Calculators and Cellular phones are not allowed in the examination room. 5. Write your Examination Number on every page of your answer booklet(s)

SECTION A (25 Marks) Answer all questions in this section. PHYSICAL AND MATHEMATICAL GEOGRAPHY 1. For each of the items (i) - (x), choose the correct answer from among the given alternatives and write its letter in the answer booklet provided. (i) The speed of the earth quake waves in the earth is changed at a line called A Mohorovic discontinuity B Gutenberg discontinuity C Tectonics D Tectonics E Isostatic. (ii) Liverpool team scored a goal at 5.00 pm in England (15° W). At what time the goal was scored in Dar es Salaam (45° E)? (iii) (iv) Day reaches its maximum length on 21 st June in A Southern hemisphere B Northern Hemisphere C Arctic Circle D Polar region E Tropic of Capricorn. (v) Which of the following planets have small celestial bodies in orbit around them? (vi) (vii) The excessive strong wind blowing across an extensive ocean surface is called A Tsunami B Ocean currents C Storm surge D Hurricane E Wind. (viii) Rainfall that occurs when the air moves towards a hill or a mountain is called A cyclonic B orographic C convectional D showers E typhoon. (ix) Mountains can be classified on the basis of A their importance B their surrounding C their composition D their formation E their height. A 1.00 p.m B 7.00 p.m C 9.45 p.m D 9.00 p.m E 6.30 a.m. The sun is overhead at tropic of Capricorn every year on A 22 nd December B 21 st March C 23 rd September D 21 st June E 24 th March. A Mercury, Jupiter and Uranus B Pluto, Earth and Mars C Earth, Jupiter and Saturn E Venus, Earth and Saturn. D Mercury, Venus and Earth Deposition of soil materials removed from one horizon to another is called A Convex sided B Concave sided C Gentle sided resistance E Steep sided non resistance. D Steep sided resistant

(x) A channel diverging from the main river and flowing into the sea or a lake by a separate mouth is called A tributary B stream C distributary D river basin E water shade. 2. Match the items in List A with the responses in List B by writing the letter of the correct response besides the item number in the answer booklet provided. List A List B (i) Water that flows out of the ground. A B C D E F G H I J K Stalagmite Doline Water cycle Artesian basin Aquifer Uvula Spring Ground water Juvenile water Bore holes Well (ii) Water that seep out of rocks and into the rock holes. (iii) Water that enters the rocks of the earth’s surface. (iv) Interaction of water vapour, precipitation, infiltration, run off, evaporation and condensation. (v) Water that is saturated in permeable rocks. 3. (a) Describe discordant drainage system. (b) Explain the process of river transport and describe four ways in which a river transports its load.

SECTION B (27 Marks) Answer all questions this section. APPLICATION OF STATISTICS, INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH AND ELEMENTARY SURVEYING 4. (a) (i) Define simple divided circle. (ii) Give four merits of using simple divided circle. (b) Carefully study the bar graph presented below showing production of crops in tonnes (“000”) from Ujamaa village in 2010, and then answers the questions that follow. (i) Draw the above bar graph to a simple divided circle by showing all the procedures. (ii) Give two possible factors for variation of crops production in the above bar graph provided. 5. (a) Point out four objectives of doing research in Tanzania.

(b) Describe the following terms as used in research: (i) Case study (ii) Feasibility study. (iii) Participatory observation. (iv) Research hypothesis. (v) Research problem. 6. (a) Explain two major forms of measurements in land surveying. (b) (i) Define leveling. (ii) Explain four significances of leveling. SECTION C (28 Marks) Answer all questions in this section. MAP READING AND PHOTOGRAPH INTERPRETATION 7. Carefully study the map extract of Hanang (Sheet 84/4) provided and answer the following questions: (a) Express the map scale as a statement. (b) Find the bearing of grid reference 720220 to 680180. (c) Giving three evidences from the map, suggest the climate of the mapped area. (d) Suggest with evidence, five major economic activities which might take place in the area. (e) Give four supportive contents of a topographical map provided. (f) Mention three factors which affected the contents of the map given.

8. Study the photograph provided below and then answer the questions that follows: (a) Name the type of photograph. (b) Give three characteristics of the type of photograph in (a) above. (c) Explain four possible factors which may cause the loss of biodiversity in the photograph. (d) Give two economic importance of the area. (e) In three points, describe the importance of the vegetation shown in the area. SECTION D (20 Marks) Answer one (1) question from each part. PART 1: REGIONAL FOCAL STUDIES 9. Evaluate six factors that determine exploitation of minerals in a country. 10. Explain six factors that hinder development of river transportation in Africa.

PART II: ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES, POPULATION AND SETTLEMENTS 11. Describe five measures to control floods to the environment. 12. Analyse eight problems associated with growth of urban settlement.