THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL CERTIFICATE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION EXAMINATION 022 ENGLISH LANGUAGE (For Both School and Private Candidates) Time: 3 Hours Thursday, 08 th November 2018 p.m. Instructions 1. This paper consists of sections A, B, C and D with a total of fourteen (14) questions. 2. Answer all questions in sections A and B; and sections C and D as instructed under each section. 3. Cellular phones, calculators and any unauthorised materials are not allowed in the examination room. 4. Write your Examination Number on every page of your answer booklet(s).

SECTION A (10 Marks) COMPREHENSION AND SUMMARY 1. Read the passage below carefully then answer the questions that follow. It was Saturday, the weather was cool. I was among the runners who were nervous. It was my first time to participate in such a famous event of the Olympic Games. In fact, it was my first time to be in Dar es Salaam, especially at the National Stadium. The Stadium was full of spectators from all over the country as well as outside Tanzania. There were other runners from Kenya, Uganda, Ethiopia, Somalia, Seychelles, Malawi, Namibia, Morocco, and many more. My heart was beating fast. I thought my fellow athletes could hear my heart beats. I was among the 15 Marathon runners representing their countries in this great race. I came from one of the central regions in Tanzania called Singida, Kiomboi district. I managed to compete and succeed at all levels from the district, region, zone and now I am representing my country Tanzania. Although I had met the minimum time set by the international Olympic Committee, I knew that I could not do much more. However, in my heart, a voice told me that I can win. So, I did not give up. The race started from the Airport to the National Stadium. The race was to cover fifty kilometres. An alarm to alert us was rang. We got ready, then, the gun was fired and we started the race. On the way to the National Stadium, there stood men with similar jackets as landmarks. Therefore, it was a matter of running, no worries of getting lost! Roads were cleared for runners. At first we thought it was an easy task. Everyone ran very slowly. After about twenty minutes, everybody increased speed. We passed by crowds of people who were waving and shouting at us. I could not hear my name. Beside the road I saw a big sign board reading 40 km. “Forty more to go.” I said to myself, praying that God may help me to win the race. Up to this point, I guess I was the 10 th in the race. I felt very tired, my legs were aching, my chest and throat were dry. I felt as if I was burning. I could not breathe properly. However, deep inside me, something encouraged me to keep on going. I start ed singing silently, “Kikuku keep on and on and on….” In a way, the song gave me a little more strength. In a moment, I thought blood would rush out of my ears and nostrils. Anyway, I moved forward and left some more runners behind. Another sign board read 20 km. Ugh! I tried harder. I was among the five marathon runners leading the race. I could read the names of their countries. They were from Kenya, Morocco, Namibia and Somalia. I knew I was the only Tanzanian; and others were now left a bit behind. A sign board read 10 km. This was another push I got, that there remained only 10 km? I must do it. Suddenly, the kenyan sprinter increased speed and started leaving us behind. He ran as fast as an antelope. The distance between him and me was now about 100 meters or so. I made a quick decision that he should be my target. I remembered all the field exercises, climbing hills, crossing valleys etc. All of which I had done while preparing for this event in Singida and some practices in Manyara. I had developed a technique to help me feel at ease and increased speed, even when I

was tired. I had formulated a rhythm to go with my steps when running. I noticed the distance between the Kenyan athlete and me decreasing. A sign board on the road read 5 km. “Only 5 km to the end.” I muttered. On the road, the spectators were shouting with excitement; “Tanzania! Tanzania! Tanzania! Don’t let us down… we are at home, mind you?” “Keep on! Make it!” I decided to use a little strength I had left within as we entered the stadium to finish the race. It was now a two-people affair. We were now about 100 meters from the finishing point. The Kenyan was about 50 meters behind me. I rushed forward. “It is now or never.” I muttered to myself. The spectators on the terrace where now on their toes. They were shouting at the top of their voices. I closed my eyes, raised my arms high and dashed on. Then something touched my chest. It was a finishing tape. When I opened my eyes, someone was holding my hand. “Congratulations Kikuku! You have made it!” he said. Questions (a) Choose the most correct answer from among the given alternatives and write its letter in the answer booklet provided. (i) Why was Kikuku’s heart beating fast before the race? A Because he knew his weakness in such races. B Because he was afraid of the spectators. C Because he had not participated in such a big race before. D Because he was the 15 th athlete in the race. E Because he had never been to Dar es Salaam. (ii) What helped Kikuku to be among the 10 leading athletes? A The help of his own song B The help of applauses of the crowd C The spectators who stood on their toes D The help of the cheers from pedestrians E The loud singing before other athletes. (iii) What happened when the Kenyan athlete increased the speed? A It became easier for Kikuku to read his country name on a t-shirt. B Kikuku used a technique to feel at ease and increased speed. C Kikuku challenged him with his techniques. D All other athletes made Kikuku a target. E Kikuku ran as fast as an antelope. (iv) How did the sign board read in descending order? A 100 km, 50 km, 20 km, 5 km B 100 km, 40 km, 20 km, 100 meters C 50 km, 40 km, 10 km, 5 km D 60 km, 20 km, 15 km, 5 km E 40 km, 20 km, 10 km, 5 km.

(b) Complete the following sentences by using the right information from the passage. (i) is a very famous event in the world. (ii) Kikuku thought that his blood would . (iii) the marathon runners started off by running slowly because . 2. Read and summarize the following passage in five sentences in a single paragraph. Drug abuse is the illegal use of drugs. It is a big problem affecting about 5% of the global population aged between 15 and 64 years. Drug abuse has negative health and social effects to an individual and society. In individuals, it can cause changes in mood as well as affecting one’s perception and mental well-being. It also contributes to the increase of crimes and destruction of individuals, families and communities. Many governments have been fighting against the prohibited products, trafficking adn uses of illegal drugs like opium, cocaine, heroin and cannabis. That is why most of them have enacted laws to criminalise drug abuse. In some countries such as China drug abuse can lead to the death penalty. Tanzania has taken several measures to combat illegal drugs including creating a law preventing drug trafficking. There is also cooperation with other countries such as Kenya and Uganda in eliminating the problem. In combating drug abuse it is important to first eliminate the starter drugs like cigarettes that lead people into the use of more dangerous illegal drugs. For example, a cigarette produces nicotine which is highly addictive. Some organisations are dedicated to eliminate addiction through prevention and rehabilitation. They use posters, pamphlets, CD ROMs and video to conscientise people that they can improve their life by abstaining from drugs and alcohol. Lastly those who are already addicted are given special attention. In many countries there are rehabilitation and treatment centres for bringing the drug addicts to a situation where they are drug and alcohol free. However, this recovery plan depends mainly on the willingness of the drug addicts. SECTION B (20 Marks) PATTERNS AND VOCABULARY Answer all questions in this section. 3. Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each. (a) She finished her work. Then she went home. (Begin with: Having ) (b) She went out very early. She wanted to catch the first bus. (Rewrite using: because) (c) Can we meet tomorrow? (Rewrite into indirect speech)

(d) My brother has a pen friend from the Netherlands. (Rewrite using: the nationality of the pen friend) 4. Using the words below, complete the given expressions. inspector, farmer, driver, authoress, magistrate, librarian, news reporter, electrician (a) A person whose job is to visit schools, factories to check that rules are being observed, obeyed and that standards are accepted is called . (b) A person who is in charge of or works in a library is called . (c) A woman who writes books is called . (d) A person whose job is to connect, repair electrical equipment like cables, wires in a house, car or machine is called . 5. Choose the most appropriate word from the given list to fill in the blank spaces in the given sentences. whose, which, whole, myself, you, ourselves, quite, it (a) Nandipa has spent her life in a boarding school from standard 1 to form six. (b) When thieves came at night, we locked in the rooms. (c) We were studying in in old class. (d) A widower is a man wife is dead? 6. In each of the following sentences, one word is wrong. Identify the wrong word and replace it by writing the correct word. (a) Kitchen is good meat. (b) His uncle is a hat surgeon. (c) May I have a peace of chalk. (d) This is not a light place for you to stay. 7. Complete the sentences using the information provided about Juma’s life history. 1984 - 1990 - at Mtakuja school. 1991 - 1997 - at Malwe high school. 2000 - 2004 - joined university of Dar es Salaam. 2004 - 2007 - English teacher at Muka secondary school. 2008 - got married. For example: In 1984 to 1990, Juma was studying at Mtukuja primary school.

(a) In 1996 (b) In 2003 (c) In 2006 (d) In 2008 SECTION C (30 Marks) LANGUAGE USE Answer questions 8, 9 and two of the four given alternatives in question 10. 8. Re-arrange the following five sentences into a logical sequence to make a meaningful paragraph by writing the corresponding letter in the answer booklet provided. Use the following format for your answers. Sentence Number 1 2 3 4 5 Letter A. It was so unfortunate that the man died in Amina’s house because of drunkenness. B. Amina was struggling to support him to get into the house and I went to help her. C. One day I saw her coming back home with a man. D. There was a certain girl living near our house, she was known as Amina Matanuzi. E. The man was so drunk that he could not walk on his own and he looked so terrible. 9. Match each expression in List A with the correct word from List B by writing the corresponding letter beside the item number in the answer booklet(s) provided. Use the following format for your answers. Number i ii iii iv v Letter LIST A LIST B (i) A tropical fruit with smooth yellow or red skin, soft orange flesh and large seed inside. (ii) A round citrus fruit with thick reddish-yellow skin and a lot of sweet juice that is rich in vitamin C. (iii) A long curved fruit with thick yellow skin and soft flesh, which grows on trees in hot countries. (iv) A large tropical fruit with rough skin, yellow flesh with a lot of juice and stiff leaves on top. (v) A tropical fruit with hard, dark green skin, soft, light green flesh and a large seed inside. A. orange B. onion C. pineapple D. tomatoes E. mango F. avocado G. apple H. banana

10. Answer two questions from the four alternatives A, B, C and D. A. Imagine that you have completed your final examinations and your father has arranged for you a trip to Arusha to visit your aunt. Write a letter to your friend requesting him/her to spend one week with you at your aunt’s place. Sign your name as Mazoea Mengo. B. Imagine that you were invited to attend “The Day of an African Child”, which is celebrated on 6 th June, every year at the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) premises. As an expert in special Education for Children, write your speech about “Child Labour” in not less than 250 words. C. Write a composition of not less than 250 words on the title, “The first day I boarded a train to Mwanza”. D. Write an invitation card to request your 10 best friends to attend your birthday party at your home and outline the format of writing telephone messages for those who will call for excuse. Use fictitious names. SECTION D (40 Marks) RESPONSE TO READING Answer two questions from this section. One question should be selected from poetry and the other from novels and short stories or plays. LIST OF READINGS NOVELS AND SHORT STORIES A Wreath for Father Mayer - S.N. Ndunguru (1997), Mkuki na Nyota Unanswered Cries - Osman Conteh, Macmillan Passed Like a Shadow - B.M Mapalala (2006), DUP Spared - S.N. Ndunguru (2004), Mkuki na Nyota Weep Not Child - Ngugi wa Thiong’o (1987); Heinemann The Interview - P. Ngugi (2002), Macmillan PLAYS Three Suitors: One Husband - O. Mbia (1994), Eyre Methuen The Lion and the Jewel - W. Soyinka (1963), OUP This Time Tomorrow - Ngugi wa Thiong’o (1972), Heinemann The Black Hermit - Ngugi wa Thiong’o (1972), Heinemann POETRY Songs of Lawino and Ocol - O. P’Bitek (1979), EAPH Growing up with Poetry - D. Rubadiri (ed) (1989), Heinemann Summons - R. Mabala (1980), TPH

11. Read the following poem and then answer the questions that follow: My husband laughs at me Because I cannot dance white men’s dances; He despises Acoli dances He nurses stupid ideas That the dances of his people are sinful, That they are mortal sins I am completely ignorant Of the dances of foreigners And I do not like it. Holding each other Tightly, tightly In public I cannot. I am ashamed. Dancing without a song Dancing silently like a wizards, Without respect, drunk….. If someone tries to force me to dance this dance I feel like hanging myself Feet first! I wish I could become A meteorite And I would know Where to fall! Questions: (a) What is the poem about? (b) How many stanzas are in the poem? (c) Is the persona happy in this poem? Give a reason for your answer. (d) Is the poem relevant to your society? Give a reason for your answer. (e) What is the lesson learnt from the poem? (f) What type of poem is this? (g) Comment on the language used in the poem. (h) What is the possible theme in the poem? (i) How many verses are in the poem? (j) What is the tone of the poet? 12. Using two poems that you have studied in this section, discuss the effects of selfishness among the leaders in developing countries. Give four points from each poem. 13. Figures of speech are used not only to make the work of art beautiful, but also to convey the message intended by the playwright to the readers. Validate this statement using two plays that you have studied in this section. Give four points from each reading.

14. Analyse the source of conflicts in the two novels that you have studied in this section, giving four points from each reading.