THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL CERTIFICATE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION EXAMINATION 022 ENGLISH LANGUAGE (For Both School and Private Candidates Only) Time: 3 Hours Tuesday, 03 rd November 2015 p.m. Instructions 1. This paper consists of sections A, B, C and D. 2. Answer all questions in sections A and B; and sections C and D as instructed under each section. 3. Cellular phones and calculators are not allowed in the examination room. 4. Write your Examination Number on every page of your answer booklet(s).

SECTION A (10 Marks) COMPREHENSION AND SUMMARY 1. Read the passage below carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Trees play an important role in preserving and protecting our environment. They release oxygen in the air and absorb carbon dioxide. In this way they help to reduce the amount of pollution in the earth’s atmosphere. Trees plays the important role in the water cycle as they release moisture in the atmosphere through their leaves, in turn this helps the formation of clouds which bring rain. Loss of trees can therefore be a cause of drought. In addition, at times where there is rain, trees can soak up much of the extra water and so, they help to prevent floods. Trees also help to prevent soil erosions, they work like nets trapping soil and stopping it from being washed away. In addition, fallen trees branches and leaves decay on the ground hence making soil more fertile. An individual tree can be a home to all kinds of tree dwellers animals, mammals, reptiles, birds, insects as well as other plants. In thick forests, millions types of trees can be found. For example, in the tropical rain forest which occupy about 8 percent of earth’s land area are homes to over 50 percent of all animals. In addition to these benefits, products from trees provide human beings with a thousand of items. Many fruits and seeds are eaten by humans and animals. There is also wood, people do thousands of things with wood. It is used in the construction of both traditional and modern buildings. There is also furniture, such as wardrobes, beds, tables, chairs, doors to mention but a few. All of these items are made of wood. In streets, there may be all kinds of structures made of wood like signboards, telephone and electricity poles, fences and gates. Wood is also a source of fuel. Generally trees and its advantages touch every human beings and non-human beings. Questions (a) Choose the most correct answer from among the alternatives given and write its letter in your answer booklet. (i) Trees play an important role in preserving and protecting our environment because A they provide shade on both hot days and shelter on wet days B they protect the environment from pollution and the effect of weather C they provide fruits and seeds which are eaten by only animals D they make the soil fertile by producing oxygen and carbon dioxide E they absorb excessive moisture from the atmosphere.

(ii) Trees play an important role in the water cycle by A increasing the amount of moisture in the atmosphere B absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere C preserving the soil texture through its leaves D preventing the soil from being washed away E soaking up much of the extra water. (iii) Loss of trees may cause drought because A the soil that is trapped by trees is washed away B there will be no branches and leaves to fertilize the soil C the clouds which bring rains will always be present D the amount of moisture in the atmosphere will be reduced E trees in most cases only prevent rain water. (iv) Why trees are beneficial to humans? A They stop the soil from being washed away B They balance the amount of water in the soil and air C They release water from atmosphere D They provide home to all kinds of animals E They provide fruits, wood and fuel (b) Complete the following sentences with the right information from the passage. (i) Mention any of the four kinds of species that a tree can accommodate as home . (ii) Write down two major activities that trees do for preserving and protecting the environment and . (iii) Modern houses can be constructed out of . 2. Read and summarize the following passage in five sentences in a single paragraph. Agriculture is the most commonly activity practiced by human. It involves the cultivation of crops and animal rearing. Agriculture can be done for subsistence or for commercial purposes. Even activities like storage processing and marketing of agricultural products are also regarded as part of agriculture. Small scale agriculture is practiced on relatively small plots of land to meet both subsistence and commercial needs. It is characterised with the use of elementary tools such as panga and hoes to cultivate. Farmers often plant various crops as well as rearing animals in a single plot of land by using the labour provided with the family members. They also use organic manure from animals. However, rapid population growth may affect the small scale agriculture as it leads to the reduction of the sizes of farms, overexploitation of the soil which results to soil infertility. It may also change from subsistence farming to commercial farming to meet the needs of the growing population. Small scale agriculture has some advantages including growing of variety of food crops and rear animals on a single plot for both subsistence and commercial purposes. Farmers also earn income

from selling any surplus they may have. The cost of farming is low due to the use of simple tools as well as land being acquired at a little or no cost at all since the land is mainly inherited. SECTION B (20 Marks) PATTERNS AND VOCABULARY Answer all questions in this section. 3. Re-write the following sentences according to the instructions given after each. (a) I hurried. I didn’t want to be late. (Rewrite using: so that) (b) Had he faced financial problems, he would have paid the school fees. (Rewrite using: if) (c) She worked very hard. She didn’t pass the interview. (Begin with: Despite) (d) If you don’t work hard, you will never achieve your dreams. (Begin with: Unless) 4. Using the words below, complete the following expressions. Nurse, accountant, artist, teacher, thief, tenant, doctor (a) A person who takes other people properties without permission is called . (b) A person who paints pictures, signs and composes poems is called . (c) A person who pays rent for the use of a room, building or land to the person who owns it is called . (d) A person whose job is to keep or check financial accounts is called . 5. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate articles where necessary. (a) The Earth moves round sun. (b) It was honour for our school to be awarded the medal. (c) My friend is European. (d) Pemba is Island. 6. In each of the following sentences, one word is wrong. Identify and replace it by writing the right word. (a) We are praying football. (b) The baby fills cold.

(c) My herd is aching. (d) The boy cut a glass-edge with a pair of scissors. 7. Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow. My name is Lilian. I live with my family in Tabora. My father is a Secondary School teacher. My mother is an accountant. My elder sister is a police woman. She works at the police headquarters. Uncle Thomas is my father’s brother. He’s a carpenter and a builder. He builds most of the Primary schools in the ward. His wife is a Secretary. Their three sons; Paul, David and Michael are drivers, and electrician and a plumber respectively. Their two daughters Magreth and Rosemary work at the local hospital. Magreth is a Laboratory assistant and Rosemary is a nurse. Uncle Peter is my mother’s brother. He is a Professor at the University. Fill in the blank spaces with the correct information from the paragraph. (a) Lilian’s father occupation is a . (b) Uncle Thomas son who is a driver is called . (c) Uncle Peter is at the University. (d) The laboratory assistance is . SECTION C (30 Marks) LANGUAGE USE Answer questions 8, 9 and select any two of the four given alternatives in question 10. 8. Rearrange the following five sentences into a logical sequence to make a meaningful paragraph by writing the corresponding letters in the answer booklet provided. Use the following format for your answers. Sentence Number 1 2 3 4 5 Letter A. Eventually the head of the school intervened, situation colmed down and they concentrated on their studies. B. The head of the advanced secondary schools went for selection of students and they sent admission letters to the successful candidates to join their schools. C. Form four students finished doing their National Examinations and went home with lots of stories to tell their sister, brothers and parents. D. When they joined their new schools, they found it a bit difficult to settle down because of being teased and bullied by the old students. E. NECTA had announced the National Form Four Examination Results.

9. Match each expression in List A with the word in List B by writing the correct letter beside the item number in the answer booklet provided. Use the following format for your answers. Number i ii iii iv v Letter LIST A LIST B (i) The sone of your brother or sister. (ii) The child of your daughter or son. (iii) The child of your aunt or uncle. (iv) A brother or sister. (v) The brother of your father or mother. A. sibling B. uncle C. nephew D. grandchild E. cousin F. grandfather G. niece H. brother in law 10. Answer two questions from the four alternatives A, B, C and D. A. Write an application letter for the following advertised job in the Sunday News, Monday, September 27 th , 2015. JOB VACANCY A progressive company is looking for a qualified computer technician (1 post) who is conversant with both maintenance and IT. The applicant should be a Form Four Leaver, fluent in English with an experience of not less than 6 months. The applicant should not be above 25 years of age and should be ready to work under pressure. Please include your referees. All application must be submitted before February 28 th , 2016. Write to: The Director, World Computers, P.O. Box 1012, MWANZA. B. Imagine that you are the last born in your family of five children. Your parents are celebrating their 50 th Anniversary. Your brothers and sisters have chosen you to make a short speech on behalf of them. Write your speech of not less than 250 words. C. Imagine you are working with Vodacom Tanzania. Vodacom is celebrating its 20 th birthday since it was inaugurated. As a public relations officer, you are required to write and invitation card to the selected officials to attend a dinner party. Also outline the

format of writing telephone messages from those who will call for excuses. Use fictitious names. D. Imagine that you are in a debate club, argue for the topic "Trafficking of girls from rural to urban areas to be employed as house girls (housemaids) should be stopped" in not less than 250 words. SECTION D (40 Marks) RESPONSE TO READING Answer two questions from this section. One question should be selected from poetry and the other from novels and short stories or plays. LIST OF READINGS NOVELS AND SHORT STORIES A Wreath for Father Mayer of Masasi - S.N. Ndunguru (1997), Mkuki na Nyota Unanswered Cries - Osman Conteh, Macmillan Passed Like a Shadow - B.M Mapalala (2006), DUP Spared - S.N. Ndunguru (2004), Mkuki na Nyota Weep Not Child - Ngugi wa Thiong’o (1987); Heinemann The Interview - P. Ngugi (2002), Macmillan PLAYS Three Suitors: One Husband - O. Mbia (1994), Eyre Methuen The Lion and the Jewel - W. Soyinka (1963), OUP This Time Tomorrow - Ngugi wa Thiong’o (1972), Heinemann The Black Hermit - Ngugi wa Thiong’o (1972), Heinemann POETRY Songs of Lawino and Ocol - O. P’Bitek (1979), EAPH Growing up with Poetry - D. Rubadiri (ed) (1989), Heinemann Summons - R. Mabala (1980), TPH 11. Read the following poem then answer the questions that follow. The life at school I am not told Is different from the life at home At school The hours are swallowed by studies We study English, we study Geography Chemistry, Biology and others. We study! In the classroom, in the library In the dormitory, in the dining hall In the assembly hall, in the chambers.

Study hard! Study hard! For life roars like a lion Hunting for any prey to swallow. But something surprised me! English! The English language You write this you pronounce that Differently. Questions: (a) What is the poem about? (b) Write the title of the poem in two words. (c) Who is speaking in the poem? (d) Give the meaning of two figures of speech used in the poem. (e) What type of poem is this? (f) Comment on the language used. (g) Why repetition is used in the poem? (h) What surprised the persona? Give reason for your answer. (i) What is the theme of the poem? (j) Briefly explain the relevance of the poem to your society. 12. With reference to two poems you have studied in this section, comment on the poet’s use of language. Give four points from each poem. 13. Using two plays you have studied in this section, discuss how some traditions, customs and beliefs contribute to misunderstandings and underdevelopment in a society. Give four points from each play. 14. In literary works, the titles enable the readers to understand the message(s) the writer wants to convey. Verify this statement using two novels or short stories that you have studied in this section.