THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL CERTIFICATE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION EXAMINATION 011 CIVICS (For Both School and Private Candidates) Time: 2:30 Hours Monday, 05 th November 2018 p.m. Instructions 1. This paper consists of sections A, B and C with a total of ten (10) questions. 2. Answer all questions in sections A and B and three (3) questions from section C. 3. Section A and B carry 20 marks each and section C carries 60 marks. 4. Cellular phones and any unauthorised materials are not allowed in the examination room. 5. Write your Examination Number on every page of your answer booklet(s). Page 1 of 6

SECTION A (20 Marks) Answer all questions in this section. 1. For each of the items (i) - (x), choose the correct answer among the given alternatives and write its letter beside the item number in the answer booklet(s) provided. (i) Human rights abuses experienced by HIV/AIDS patients in Tanzania include A stigmatization. B food taboos C gender biases. D gender stereotyping. E gender discrimination. (ii) The ability of a person to feel and share another person’s emotion is known as A self esteem. B self-worth. C empathy. D self-assertive. E love. (iii) Which among the following institutions is a Social Security Scheme? A NMB B CRDB C NBC D PSPF E TPB (iv) Which of the following are major pillars of the State? A Executive, Armed Forces and Legislature B Executive, Legislature and Judiciary C The President, the Prime Minister and the Chief Justice D Executive, Armed Forces and Judiciary E The President, the Speaker and the Prime Minister (v) A person’s ability to appreciate himself or herself is known as A self-submissive. B self-assertive. C self esteem. D self-awareness. E self-aggressive. (vi) One of the suitable decision making model in a family life is the one in which A the father makes decisions. B all members of the family participate. C father and mother share views. D children can make decision. E the mother can decide on behalf of the father. (vii) One of the strategy which can be used to contain the challenges of globalization in Africa is A agreement with the IMF conditionality. B formation of regional groupings in Africa. C to increase Africa’s exports to Europe. D to increase cash crop production in Africa. E to introduce a socialist economy in Africa.

(viii) Which among the following root causes of poverty is beyond the control of the Government of Tanzania? A Unequal exchange in international trade B Communicable diseases C Rapid population growth rate D Mismanagement of public funds E Ignorance of the people (ix) Why most Tanzanians cannot access credit facilities offered by commercial banks in Tanzania? A They lack a culture of saving. B They lack information on credit facilities. C They lack education. D They lack insurance cover. E They are discouraged by high interest rate. (x) Which among the following sources of local government revenue was abolished in Tanzania? A Levies B Central government subsidy C Property tax D License fees E Development levy.

2. Match the items in List A with the correct response in List B by writing the letter of the corresponding response beside the item number in the answer booklet(s) provided. LIST A LIST B (i) A political system whereby citizens elect people to serve in parliament and executive positions. (ii) A form of representative democracy whereby Ministers are also members of the parliament. (iii) A political system which promotes government accountability and transparency. (iv) An electoral system whereby seats are allocated according to the percentage of popular votes obtained in an election. (v) A form of government which can remain in power as long as force can retain it. (vi) A form of representative democracy whereby the parliament and cabinet are independent organs. (vii) Rights and freedoms granted to all people in the country’s Constitutions. (viii) A voting system which give people an opportunity to decide on a certain issue. (ix) A form of democracy suitable to a small geographical area. (x) An organized group of people with the intention of influencing government decision or certain policies. A Dictatorship B Political party C Universal suffrage D Parliamentary system of government E Referendum F Representative democracy G The Judiciary H Direct democracy I Multiparty democracy J Presidential system of government K Simple majority votes L Pressure group M Rule of law N Proportional representation O Bill of rights

SECTION B (20 Marks) Answer all questions in this section. 3. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow. The process by which children learn to behave in a way that is acceptable in their society is influenced by cultural norms, beliefs and values during the various stages of child’s development in a given society settings. Parents especially mothers play a key role in this process by encouraging the same cultural values and norms and attitudes she was taught and experienced in her lifetime. Thus social construction of gender role takes place at household level where girls and boys are assigned gender role by the parents. Patriarchy is the dominating established system that maintains the way by which children/ adult learn to behave as men and women without questioning. The girl child is discriminated even before she is born. In some culture, the birth of a baby boy is highly celebrated compared to that of a girl. The song for boy child “keep quiet my child you will grind for me, you will bring me water and firewood.” In most societies boys are viewed as pillars of strength, and keepers of property, bearers of clan name, also as permanent members of the family. By contrast girls are viewed as “bearers of children and temporary members of the family.” Girls are denied the right to inherit land or family property. Basically, the girl child like her mother has limited chances to education, training and personal development due to unequal access to resources, cultural and religious beliefs. Today there are still people who believe that educating a girl is wastage of resources. Questions (a) Suggest a suitable title for the passage. (b) Show how the girl child is being perceived in a society. (Give two points). (c) What does gender role mean according to the author. (d) According to the author, the birth of a baby boy is highly celebrated as compared to that of a baby girl. Why is this the case? (Give two points). (e) In what ways are the girl child’s rights undermined? (Give three points). 4. (a) List down five sources of the Central Government Revenue. (b) Outline five functions of the Judiciary.

SECTION C (60 marks) Answer three (3) questions from this section. Each question carries 20 marks. 5. Analyse six cultural values that encourage gender discrimination in Tanzania. 6. Despite her abundant resources, Tanzania is still considered as a poor country. Show six indicators of Poverty in Tanzania. 7. ‘To a great extent election in Tanzania is democratic, free and fair’. Use six points to validate this statement. 8. Examine six major functions of local governments in Tanzania. 9. Suggest six measures which can be used to improve the agricultural sector in Tanzania. 10. Show six efforts made since independence to promote and protect human rights in Tanzania.